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Managing municipal solid waste - a review of achievements in 32 European countries

Publication Created 17 Jan 2013 Published 18 Mar 2013
2 min read
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Improved waste management is an essential element in efforts to make Europe more resource efficient. One key means of achieving that is by shifting waste management up the waste hierarchy. In recent years these important goals have been integrated into European environmental policy. But national efforts to shift up the waste hierarchy have been under way for longer. Together, these instruments establish a range of waste management targets and broader goals for the years to 2020.
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Publication Created 17 Jan 2013 Published 18 Mar 2013
2 min read
EEA Report No 2/2013
Improved waste management is an essential element in efforts to make Europe more resource efficient. One key means of achieving that is by shifting waste management up the waste hierarchy. In recent years these important goals have been integrated into European environmental policy. But national efforts to shift up the waste hierarchy have been under way for longer. Together, these instruments establish a range of waste management targets and broader goals for the years to 2020.

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: 978-92-9213-355-9
: TH-AL-13-003-EN-C

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Figures used

Municipal waste recycling rates in 32 European countries, 2001 and 2010 The total recycling of municipal waste stated in percentage of the generated amount
Regional variation in municipal waste recycling rate in 13 countries, 2008/2009 The variation bar shows the highest and lowest regional recycling level within each country.
National reporting of the relative level of material-recycled municipal waste and recycled packaging waste (EU-27 and Norway, 2009) The figure illustrates the relation between reported amounts of recycled packaging waste and recycled municipal waste and groups the countries into four categories.
Progress of European countries up the material recycling hierarchy, 2001–2010 Number of countries per defined intervals of material recycling of MSW management in 2001 and 2010.
Progress of European countries up the municipal bio-waste recycling hierarchy, 2001–2010 Number of countries per defined intervals of bio-waste recycling of MSW management in 2001 and 2010.
Typical charge (gate fee and landfill tax) for legal landfilling of non-hazardous municipal waste in EU Member States and regions -
Percentage of biodegradable municipal waste landfilled in 2006, 2009 and 2010 compared with the amount generated in 1995 — countries without derogation periods Percentage of biodegradable municipal waste landfilled in 2006, 2009 and 2010 compared with the amount generated in 1995 — countries without derogation periods
Average annual percentage point increase needed in 32 European countries to reach 50 % recycling by 2020 and past rates achieved The yearly average percentage point increase required by each country between 2010 and 2020 to reach the 50 % target and compared with the rates achieved in 2001–2006 and 2001–2010.
Archived
Municipal waste generated per capita in 2001 and 2010 The amount of municipal solid waste generated per capita in kilogramme
Development of municipal waste management in 32 European countries, 2001–2010 The amount of municipal waste related to treatment in million tonnes
Archived
GHG emissions from municipal waste management in the EU, Switzerland and Norway This figure shows the GHG emissions associated with municipal waste management for the EU-27 (without Cyprus) plus Norway and Switzerland, differentiated according to the contribution of specific waste treatment paths. The GHG emissions are calculated using a life-cycle approach. In order to see the overall effect of waste management, the avoided emissions (counted as negative values) are plotted with the direct emissions, giving the net greenhouse gas emissions from MSW management in European countries (the black line).
Municipal waste landfilling rates in 32 European countries, 2001 and 2010 Percentage of municipal waste landfilled in each European country, 2001 and 2010
Regional recycling rates for municipal solid waste, 2008/2009 -
Material recycling as a percentage of municipal waste generation in 32 European countries, 2001 and 2010 Material recycling in 32 European countries as a percentage of total municipal waste generated in 2001 and 2010.
Number of countries at different levels of the municipal waste management hierarchy, 2001 and 2010 The number of countries achieving defined levels of MSW management in 2001 and 2010. Countries > 25% recycling, > 25% incineration, > 50% landfilling and >75% landfilling. Each country can be included in several waste management categories. Therefore, the total number of countries is greater than 32.
Yearly average percentage point increase in total recycling of municipal waste, 2001–2005 and 2006–2010 Yearly average percentage point increase in total recycling of municipal waste, 2001–2005 and 2006–2010
Percentage of biodegradable municipal waste landfilled in 2006, 2009 and 2010 compared with the amount generated in 1995 — countries with derogation periods Percentage of biodegradable municipal waste landfilled in each European country with derogation periods for fulfilling the BMW diversion targets of the EU Landfill Directive, compared with the amount generated in 1995. The general derogation is a four year period implying that the countries have to fulfill the targets by 2010, 2013 and 2020 in stead of by 2006, 2009 and 2016. Some countries have diverting derogations periods: Ireland: derogation only for the 2006 and 2009 targets, to be met 2010 and 2013. Portugal: derogation only for the 2009 and 2016 targets, to be met in 2013 and 2020. Slovenia: derogation only for the 2016 target, to be met by 2020. Croatia must meet the targets by 2013, 2016 and 2020.
Progress of European countries up the recycling hierarchy (material and bio-waste recycling), 2001–2010 The number of countries achieving defined intervals of total recycling in 2001 and 2010.
Bio-waste recycling as a percentage of municipal waste generation in 32 European countries, 2001 and 2010 Bio-waste recycling in 32 European countries as a percentage of total municipal waste generated in 2001 and 2010

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For references, please go to https://eea.europa.eu./publications/managing-municipal-solid-waste or scan the QR code.

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