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Mapping and assessing the condition of Europe's ecosystems: progress and challenges

Publication Created 19 Feb 2016 Published 22 Feb 2016
1 min read
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We depend on healthy and resilient ecosystems to continue to deliver services, such as food, water, clean air and stable climate, which are essential for our well-being. This report provides an overview about the current condition of ecosystems in Europe and the human pressures they are exposed to. A ecosystem map for Europe reveals that many ecosystems are highly concentrated in a small number of countries, which could increase their vulnerability to environmental change, and a substantial proportion of the most vulnerable ecosystems are not protected within Natura 2000 sites, Marine Protected Areas or equivalent zones.
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Publication Created 19 Feb 2016 Published 22 Feb 2016
1 min read
EEA Report No 3/2016
We depend on healthy and resilient ecosystems to continue to deliver services, such as food, water, clean air and stable climate, which are essential for our well-being. This report provides an overview about the current condition of ecosystems in Europe and the human pressures they are exposed to. A ecosystem map for Europe reveals that many ecosystems are highly concentrated in a small number of countries, which could increase their vulnerability to environmental change, and a substantial proportion of the most vulnerable ecosystems are not protected within Natura 2000 sites, Marine Protected Areas or equivalent zones.

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: 978-92-9213-726-7
: TH-AL-16-003-EN-N

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Figures used

Water exploitation index and trend The maps shows the annual total water abstraction as a percentage of available long-term freshwater resources 2002–2012 (left) and average trend 2007–2012 compared to 2002–2006 (right)
Urban sprawl in Europe Urban sprawl in Europe at 1-km2 scale in 2009 (WUPp).
Aggregated indicator for management intensity pressure on cropland Aggregated indicator for management intensity pressure on cropland (arable land) as combination of land management (fertiliser and irrigation) and crop yield. low index = low degree of agricultural management related pressures; high index = high degree of agricultural management related pressures.
Environmental sensitivity to climate change
European map estimating the level of invasion by alien plant species European map estimating the level of invasion by alien plants, based on the mean percentage of neophytes in vegetation plots corresponding to individual CORINE land-cover classes (see text for details). Within the mapping limits, areas with non-available land-cover data or insufficient vegetation-plot data are blank
Ecosystem type map (aggregated classes) Ecosystem type map v2.1 - aggregated classes - (EUNIS Level 2) derived from CORINE Land Cover and additional spatial explicite european datasets according to defined rule set. The rule set builds on the crosswalk between EUNIS nomenclature and CORINE Land Cover nomenclature. The multiple assignements are resolved using additional data like Art. 17 reporting data on habitat types, soil data, HANTS phenological data, potential natural vegetation, elevation zones, etc.
Marine protected area coverage by regional sea This map shows the percentage marine protected area (MPA) coverage in Europe's regional seas. It also shows the distance to the Convention on Biological Diversity Aichi target 11 of 10 % coverage. The distance from the network coverage to the coverage target is reported with respect to three different distance buffer zones: 0-1 NM, 1-12 NM and 12 NM - END of national waters (NM = nautical miles, END = outer limit of MPA assessment area).
Agricultural land use intensity The map show the agricultural land use intensity
Archived
Key observed and projected climate change and impacts for the main regions in Europe The map shows the observed and projected climate change and impacts for the main biogeographical regions in Europe
Indicative map of combined environmental challenges related to land use The map captures some of the complexity of the multiple demands on land resources, with urban sprawl, agricultural intensification and land abandonment exerting pressures on biodiversity and water resources.
Archived
Mean annual sea surface temperature trend in European seas Spatial distribution of sea surface temperature trend over the past 25 years (1987-2011) for the European seas as calculated from the HADISST1 dataset. The units are °C/yr. Source: HADSST1 dataset (http://hadobs.metoffice.com/hadisst/data/download.html), masked where ice coverage constituted more than 20% of the sea water.
Archived
Biogeographic regions in Europe -

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For references, please go to https://eea.europa.eu./publications/mapping-europes-ecosystems or scan the QR code.

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