European annual average temperature deviations, 1850-2007, relative to the 1850-1899 average (in oC).The lines refer to 10-year moving average, the bars to the annual 'land only' European average.

The European mean annual temperature deviations are in the source in relation to the base period 1961-1990. The annual deviations shown in the chart have been adjusted to be relative to the period 1850-1899 to better monitor the EU objective not to exceed 2oC above pre-industrial values. Over Europe average annual temperatures during the real pre-industrial period (1750-1799) were very similar to those during 1850-99. Europe is defined as the area between 35 o to 70 o Northern latitude, -25 o to 30 o Eastern longitude, plus Turkey (=35 o to 40 o North, 30 o to 45 o East). The resulting temperature anomalies were obtained using KNMIs climate explorer.
Geographical coverage note: Europe