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Responding to climate change impacts on human health in Europe: focus on floods, droughts and water quality

Publication Created 07 Nov 2023 Published 15 May 2024
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This report aims to raise awareness about the range of risks to human health associated with changes in water quantity and quality under the changing climate. It assesses our preparedness for ongoing and future impacts by examining the current policy landscape in Europe. At the same time, it seeks to inspire action by showing examples of practical measures implemented across various sectors and on various scales in the EEA member and collaborating countries.
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Publication Created 07 Nov 2023 Published 15 May 2024
This report aims to raise awareness about the range of risks to human health associated with changes in water quantity and quality under the changing climate. It assesses our preparedness for ongoing and future impacts by examining the current policy landscape in Europe. At the same time, it seeks to inspire action by showing examples of practical measures implemented across various sectors and on various scales in the EEA member and collaborating countries.

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Extreme precipitation days: baseline and future projections under the high-emissions scenario The maps shows the number of days in a year with daily total precipitation exceeding the 95th percentile threshold of rainy days of a reference period 1981-2010. Projections are made under the RCP 8.5 scenario. Interactive maps and additional information can be found in the European Climate Data Explorer.
Aridity index: baseline situation and projections under RCP 8.5 scenario The map shows the baseline situation and projections of annual aridity index under RCP 8.5 scenario. This Index is based on daily precipitation and evapotranspiration and E-HYPE model median ensemble is presented. A higher value indicates reduced soil water availability.
Percentage of seasons with water stress The map shows the percentage of seasons for which water stress (WEI+ values exceeding 40) were recorded.
Number of high fire danger days in summer in the baseline period (1981-2010) and in 2041-2070 under RCP8.5 scenario This map shows the number of high fire danger days in summer (June, July, August) in the baseline period (1981-2010) and in 2041-2070 under Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario. This Index is based on the Fire Weather Index (FWI). The index gives the number of days in a given period presenting favourable meteorological conditions to triggering a wildfire. The higher the Index, the higher the risk of wildfire.
Difference in area at risk of flooding in locations with different socio-economic and demographic profiles Left: This map presents, at EU-27 member state level for 2020, the ratio of the average (mean) percentage of area potentially exposed to flooding between administrative units containing population with the highest unemployment rate (top 20% or 5th quintile) and the administrative units containing population with the lowest unemployment rate (bottom 20% or 1st quintile) in a given country. Right: This map presents, at EU-27 member state level for 2020, the ratio of the average (mean) percentage of area potentially exposed to flooding between administrative units containing population with the highest percentage of people over 65 years old (top 20% or 5th quintile) and the administrative units containing population with the lowest proportion of people over 65 years old (bottom 20% or 1st quintile) in a given country.

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For references, please go to https://eea.europa.eu./publications/responding-to-climate-change-impacts or scan the QR code.

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