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EAFO, 2023a, ‘’Glossary’ European Alternative Fuels Observatory’ (https://alternative-fuels-observatory.ec.europa.eu/general-information/glossary) accessed 1 December 2023.
EAFO, 2023b, ‘’Infrastructure’ European Alternative Fuels Observatory’ (https://alternative-fuels-observatory.ec.europa.eu/transport-mode/road/european-union-eu27/infrastructure) accessed 22 January 2024
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EC, 2021b, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, ’Fit for 55’: Delivering the EU’s 2030 Climate Target on the way to climate neutrality (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52021DC0550) accessed 6 December 2023.
EC, 2021c, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, ’Pathway to a Healthy Planet for All EU Action Plan: ’Towards Zero Pollution for Air, Water and Soil’ (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52021DC0400&qid=1623311742827) accessed 9 February 2024.
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EC, 2021e, Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the energy performance of buildings (recast) (COM/2021/802 final).
EC, 2022a, PRIME Benchmarking report (https://wikis.ec.europa.eu/display/primeinfrastructure/Prime+Infrastructure+Homepage?preview=/44167372/136316178/PRIME_External%20Report_2022%20data_Final.pdf) accessed 30 July 2024.
EC, 2022b, Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (recast) (COM/2022/542 final).
EC, 2023, ‘Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T)’ (https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-themes/infrastructure-and-investment/trans-european-transport-network-ten-t_en) accessed 1 December 2023.
EC, 2024a, ‘Action Plan to boost passenger rail - European Commission’ (https://transport.ec.europa.eu/news-events/news/action-plan-boost-passenger-rail-2021-12-14_en) accessed 19 March 2024.
EC, 2024b, ‘Connecting Europe by train: 10 EU pilot services to boost cross-border rail’ (https://transport.ec.europa.eu/news-events/news/connecting-europe-train-10-eu-pilot-services-boost-cross-border-rail-2023-01-31_en) accessed 19 March 2024.
EC, 2024c, ‘ETS 2: Buildings, road transport and additional sectors - European Commission’ (https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/eu-emissions-trading-system-eu-ets/ets-2-buildings-road-transport-and-additional-sectors_en) accessed 4 March 2024.
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ECA, 2023, Special report 29/2023: The EU’s support for sustainable biofuels in transport – An unclear route ahead (https://www.eca.europa.eu/ECAPublications/SR-2023-29/SR-2023-29_EN.pdf).
EEA, 2010, ‘Recession accelerates the decline in EU greenhouse gas emissions’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/highlights/recession-accelerates-the-decline-in) accessed 30 January 2024.
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EEA, 2021, ‘Exposure of Europe’s population to environmental noise’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/indicators/exposure-of-europe-population-to-noise) accessed 11 December 2023.
EEA, 2022a, ‘Air Pollution and health, European Environment Agency’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/zero-pollution/health/air-pollution) accessed 31 July 2024.
EEA, 2022b, Decarbonising road transport — the role of vehicles, fuels and transport demand, Publication (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/transport-and-environment-report-2021) accessed 16 February 2024.
EEA, 2022c, ‘Outlook to 2030 - Can the number of people affected by transport noise be cut by 30%?’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/outlook-to-2030) accessed 11 December 2023.
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EEA, 2023b, European Aviation Environmental Report 2022 (https://www.easa.europa.eu/eco/eaer) accessed 6 March 2024.
EEA, 2023c, ‘Harm to human health from air pollution in Europe: Burden of disease 2023’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/harm-to-human-health-from-air-pollution/harm-to-human-health-from) accessed 20 September 2024.
EEA, 2023d, ‘Member States’ greenhouse gas (GHG) emission projections’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/datahub/datahubitem-view/4b8d94a4-aed7-4e67-a54c-0623a50f48e8) accessed 22 January 2024.
EEA, 2023e, ‘National air pollutant emissions data viewer 2005-2021’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/dashboards/necd-directive-data-viewer-7) accessed 9 February 2024.
EEA, 2023f, ‘Trends and Projections in Europe 2023’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/trends-and-projections-in-europe-2023) accessed 29 July 2024.
EEA, 2023g, ‘Up-to-date air quality data’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/maps-and-charts/up-to-date-air-quality-data) accessed 20 September 2024.
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EEA, 2023i, ‘Use of renewable energy for transport in Europe’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/indicators/use-of-renewable-energy-for) accessed 2 February 2024.
EEA, 2024a, ‘Air quality statistics’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/dashboards/air-quality-statistics) accessed 20 September 2024.
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EEA, 2024c, European Climate Risk Assessment, Publication (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/european-climate-risk-assessment) accessed 26 July 2024.
EEA, 2024d, ‘Managing air quality in Europe’ (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/managing-air-quality-in-europe) accessed 20 September 2024.
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EU, 2002, Directive 2002/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 June 2002 relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise - Declaration by the Commission in the Conciliation Committee on the Directive relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise (OJ L 189, 18.7.2002, p. 12–25).
EU, 2004, Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air (OJ L 23, 26.1.2005, p. 3–16).
EU, 2008, Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (OJ L 152, 11.6.2008, p. 1–44).
EU, 2014, Directive 2014/94/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2014 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure (text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 307, 28.10.2014).
EU, 2015, Commission Directive (EU) 2015/1480 of 28 August 2015 amending several annexes to Directives 2004/107/EC and 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down the rules concerning reference methods, data validation and location of sampling points for the assessment of ambient air quality (text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 226, 29.8.2015, p. 4–11).
EU, 2016a, Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, amending Directive 2003/35/EC and repealing Directive 2001/81/EC (text with EEA relevance ) (OJ L 344, 17.12.2016, p. 1–31).
EU, 2016b, Directive (EU) 2016/802 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 relating to a reduction in the sulphur content of certain liquid fuels (codification) (OJ L 132, 21.5.2016).
EU, 2018a, Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (recast) (text with EEA relevance.) (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 82–209).
EU, 2023a, Directive (EU) 2023/2413 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 October 2023 amending Directive (EU) 2018/2001, Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 and Directive 98/70/EC as regards the promotion of energy from renewable sources, and repealing Council Directive (EU) 2015/652 (OJ L, 2023/2413, 31.10.2023).
EU, 2023b, Directive (EU) 2023/958 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 May 2023 amending Directive 2003/87/EC as regards aviation’s contribution to the Union’s economy-wide emission reduction target and the appropriate implementation of a global market-based measure (text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 130, 16.5.2023, p. 115–133).
EU, 2023c, Directive (EU) 2023/959 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 May 2023 amending Directive 2003/87/EC establishing a system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Union and Decision (EU) 2015/1814 concerning the establishment and operation of a market stability reserve for the Union greenhouse gas emission trading system (text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 130, 16.5.2023, p. 134–202).
EU, 2023e, Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure, and repealing Directive 2014/94/EU (text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 234, 22.9.2023, p. 1–47).
EU, 2023f, Regulation (EU) 2023/1805 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023 on the use of renewable and low-carbon fuels in maritime transport, and amending Directive 2009/16/EC (text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 234, 22.9.2023).
EU, 2023g, Regulation (EU) 2023/2405 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 October 2023 on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport (ReFuelEU Aviation) (OJ L, 2023/2405, 31.10.2023).
EU, 2024a, Directive (EU) 2024/1275 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 April 2024 on the energy performance of buildings (recast) (text with EEA relevance) (OJ L, 2024/1275, 8.5.2024).
EU, 2024c, Regulation (EU) 2019/631 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 setting CO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars and for new light commercial vehicles, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 443/2009 and (EU) No 510/2011 (recast) (text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 111, 25.4.2019).
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