Modelled future change (absolute and relative) in surface summertime ozone concentrations (left: daily average, right: daily maxima) over Europe at the middle of the century

Absolute and relative difference between future (2041-2070) and present (1960-2010) summertime average daily and maxima ozone levels in a 9 model ensemble. The modelled changes shown are only due to climate variability and climate change. A diamond sign is plotted where the change is significant, and a plus sign is added where the change is robust across two-third of modelled years.

The period 2041-2070 is taken as representative of the middle of the 21st century (2050)