Decomposition analysis of key historic and projected emission drivers in the EU

Notes:
The decomposition analysis is based on the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI). The bar segments show the changes associated with each factor alone, holding the respective other factors constant. Projections at EU level have been aggregated on the basis of Member States’ 2017 submissions under EU reporting requirements. GHG emissions projections in this figure refer to those in the ‘with existing measures’ scenario. The EU Reference Scenario 2016 from the European Commission (based on the PRIMES and GAINS models) was used to gap-fill incomplete reporting for specific Member States’ variables.

GHG: Greenhouse Gas
GDP: Gross Domestic Product